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为揭示典型森林生态系统对水文过程和产流功能的调控机制,文中在宁夏六盘山区,选择了华山松次生林样地,观测了2011年生长季(5月24日至10月20日)的水文过程,分析了水量平衡与产流特征。结果表明:2011生长季总降水量为724.3mm;华山松林分冠层截留量(率)为102.3mm(14.13%);林下降水量(率)为622.0mm(85.87%);枯落物层渗漏水量(率)为424.3mm(58.59%);0-30cm土层渗漏水量(率)为275.9mm(38.09%)。华山松林的生长季总蒸散为477.1mm,各蒸散分量(mm)对总蒸散的贡献表现为林木蒸腾(222.9)>林下蒸散(151.9)>植被截持(102.3)。水量平衡计算表明,该年生长季降水量可充分满足华山松林蒸散耗水需要,林地产水量(0-30cm土层的净流出量)为252.7mm。
In order to reveal the regulation mechanism of the typical forest ecosystem on the hydrological processes and the runoff generation function, this paper selected the Pinus armandii secondary forest samples from Liupan Mountain, Ningxia, and observed the growing season (May 24 to October 20) in 2011 Hydrological process, analysis of water balance and runoff characteristics. The results showed that the total precipitation in the growing season was 724.3 mm in 2011, that of the Pinus armandii forest was 102.3 mm (14.13%) and that of the forest was 622.0 mm (85.87%). The litter layer permeability The leakage rate (rate) was 424.3mm (58.59%). The amount of seepage water in 0-30cm soil layer was 275.9mm (38.09%). The total evapotranspiration in the growing season of Pinus armandii was 477.1 mm. The contribution of evapotranspiration (mm) to total evapotranspiration was forest transpiration (222.9)> transpiration under forest (151.9)> vegetation interception (102.3). The calculation of water balance shows that the precipitation in the growing season can fully meet the needs of evapotranspiration of Pinus armandii forest, and the water yield of forest land (net outflow in 0-30cm layer) is 252.7mm.