在综合分析森林枯枝落叶层各水文生态功能和蓄水减沙效益的基础上，首次提出了在森林垂直结构的３个层次中，枯枝落叶层是实现森林涵养水源、保持水土的主要作用层。它所涵蓄的降水达到了农地径流量的６２．９％，它具有的保持土壤的能力，足以使坡面森林采伐后不会出现新的水土流失。因此，保护好这一死地被物层是山区营林工作的重要任务。 Based on the comprehensive analysis of the hydrological functions and the benefits of water storage and sedimentation in the litter layer of the forest, it is first proposed that the litter layer is the main function of forest water conservation and soil and water conservation in the three vertical forest structures Floor. Its conservation of rainfall reaches 62.9% of the farmland runoff. Its ability to maintain soil is sufficient to prevent new loss of water and soil after deforestation on slopes. Therefore, to protect this dead layer is an important task of mountain forest management.