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以华中地区大面积应用的4个三系不育系的同型保持系和来自不同生态类型的16个恢复系为材料,根据9个产量及其相关性状进行主成分分析和聚类分析,以欧氏距离为指标,研究了杂交水稻亲本间遗传差异状况及其与杂种优势的关系。结果表明保持系间遗传差异较小,恢复系间及保持系与恢复系间遗传差异较大。对亲本间遗传距离与杂种优势的相关分析表明,三系杂交稻亲本间遗传差异与杂种优势关系不密切,而杂交稻产量的高低与双亲产量尤其是双亲产量平均值的高低密切相关,说明亲本改良在提高杂交稻产量中极为重要。
Based on the analysis of principal component analysis and cluster analysis of the four maintainer lines of four CMS lines and 16 restorer lines from different ecotypes in large area in Central China, ’S distance as an index to study the genetic differences between parents of hybrid rice and its relationship with heterosis. The results showed that the genetic differences among maintainer lines were small, and the genetic differences among restorer lines and between maintainer lines and restorers were larger. The correlation analysis of genetic distance and heterosis between parents showed that the genetic difference between three-line hybrid rice parents was not closely related to the heterosis, while the yield of hybrid rice was closely related to the parental yield, especially the average parental yield, indicating that the parents Improvement is extremely important in improving the yield of hybrid rice.