以前所有的现代汉语教材,对我们天天看、天天用的汉字的评价是欠客观的。他们的基本论点是:汉字是表意文字,汉字与现代汉语不相适应,汉字难读、难记、难写、难学、难输入,妨碍扫盲,妨碍全民文化科学水平提高,妨碍现代化建设,“表形——表意——表音”是文字演变必然规律。因此,汉字必须走拼音化道路。 最近,高等教育出版社出版的钱乃荣主编,由一群80年代初毕业的研究生联合编写的《现代汉语》新教材第七章“汉字和汉字文化”,用比较科学的方法全面正确地评价了汉字,纠正了对汉字的许多错误的认识,使人耳目为之一新。 该书对汉字的评价是基于对语言和文字本质的正确认识之上的。开章第一段编者就指出,语言具有二层性,“任何话语,既是该语言音位的一个配列,同时又是该语言语素的一个配列。”这对有的同志认为“语言首先是一串声音,文字是用来传写语音的”这种片面认识无疑是一个重要的匡正。接着,编者说:“文字是记录语言的书写符号体系,与语言的音位配列相联系的是音位文字,与语言的语素配例相联系的是语素文字。汉语是语素文字。”“形声字的广泛采用使汉字记录语言成为可能,它的一部分表示语素的音节,另一部分表示语素的 All the previous textbooks on modern Chinese have less objective evaluation of our daily use of Chinese characters. Their basic argument is that Chinese characters are ideographs, Chinese characters are incompatible with modern Chinese, Chinese characters are hard to read, hard to remember, hard to write, difficult to learn, hard to input, obstructing literacy, hindering the improvement of culture and science of the whole people and hindering the modernization, Table - ideographic - phonetic “is the inevitable law of the evolution of the text. Therefore, Chinese characters must take the phonetic path. Recently, Qian Nairong, chief editor of the Higher Education Press, edited by a group of graduate students who graduated in the early 1980s, the seventh chapter of ”Modern Chinese“ new teaching materials, ”Chinese characters and Chinese culture“, with a more scientific and comprehensive evaluation of the correct Chinese characters, correct many of the mistakes Chinese characters, make one’s eyes and ears one of the new. The book’s evaluation of Chinese characters is based on a correct understanding of the nature of language and writing. The editor of the first paragraph of the opening chapter pointed out that language has two layers: ”Any discourse is not only an arrangement of the phonemes of the language but also an arrangement of morphemes of the language.“ Some comrades, for example, regard ”language as the first String sound, text is used to write voice “This one-sided understanding is undoubtedly an important correction. Then, the editor said: ”Writing is the writing system of symbols in the recording language. Associated with the phonetic arrangement of the language is phonetic transcription, which is related to morphemes of the language." Chinese is morpheme. The widespread use of words makes it possible to record Chinese characters, one part of which represents the syllables of the morphemes and the other part of which represents the morphemes