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目的:探讨精氨酸酶1（Arg-1）和诱导型一氧化氮合成酶（iNOS）在肝细胞癌（HCC）中表达的相关性及临床意义。方法:采用免疫组织化学法检测146例肝细胞癌及对应癌旁组织中Arg-1和iNOS的表达，采用χn 2检验、Spearman等级相关分析、Kaplan-Meier生存分析及Cox多因素分析等统计学方法，分析两者表达的临床病理特征及其相关性和预后的关系。n 结果:Arg-1和iNOS的阳性率分别为18.7％（23/123）和37.0％（54/146），明显低于癌旁组织100％（146/146）和93.8％（137/146），差异有统计学意义（χn 2 = 212.521，n PArg-1（+）iNOS（-）组>Arg-1（-）iNOS（+）组>Arg-1（-）iNOS（-）组（n P Arg-1 (+) iNOS (-) group > Arg-1 (-) iNOS (-) group ( n P < 0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that age, tumor size, Edmondson’s grade, vascular tumor emboli were significantly correlated with RFs ( n P < 0.05).n Conclusion:There is a positive correlation between Arg-1 and iNOS expressions in HCC, and both may reflect the HCC malignant degree. The reduced/absent expression of both may participate in the occurrence and development of HCC. The combined detection of Arg-1 and iNOS on HCC may have certain significance for the judgment of differentiation degree and prognosis.