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位于非洲西部的加纳共和国,原名黄金海岸,是撒哈拉以南地区最早独立的国家。由于盛产黄金(储量和产量均为非洲第二位)、钻石、锰、铝等,带动了以制造业为主,包括纺织、水泥、电力、粮食和木材加工等较为齐全的工业生产,加之拥有占世界总产量1/3的可可作为对外贸易的支柱,因此,在独立后的最初10年,加纳的经济状况比较好。到70年代末,世界经济危机、自然灾害等因素的影响,使加纳经济日趋恶化。1979年,加纳国内生产总值出现负增长,1980年为零增长,1981年负1.8%,1982年负7.2%。传统的主要出口产品可可、黄金,锰矿石和铝土矿等大幅度下降,粮食自给率锐减。政府的财政预
The Ghanaian republic, located in western Africa, formerly known as the Gold Coast, is the earliest independent country in sub-Saharan Africa. As a result of rich gold (reserves and production are second in Africa), diamonds, manganese, aluminum, etc., led to the manufacturing industry, including textile, cement, electricity, food and wood processing more complete industrial production, coupled with ownership Cocoa, which accounts for one third of the world’s total output, serves as a pillar of foreign trade. Therefore, in the first 10 years after independence, the economy of Ghana is relatively good. By the late 1970s, the global economic crisis, natural disasters and other factors had caused the deterioration of the economy in Ghana. In 1979, Ghana’s GDP showed negative growth, with zero growth in 1980, 1.8% in 1981 and 7.2% in 1982. The major export products of traditional cocoa, gold, manganese ore and bauxite dropped drastically, and grain self-sufficiency dropped sharply. Government budget