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陈寅恪先生说过:“华夏民族之文化,历数千载之演进,造极于赵宋之世。”(1)宋王朝经济文化高度繁荣,在重文抑武风气浓郁、文人地位提升、理学兴起、言论控制降低、商品经济繁荣等一系列大背景下,宋代优秀文人辈出。北宋前期文人很多为前朝旧吏,历经唐末五代而入宋,他们亲眼目睹朝代更迭、风云变幻,对人生无常、世事沧桑有着更深刻的感悟,也常常在他们的小说里寄寓自己的时移物换的体会。仁宗朝以后,社会相对稳定,在
Mr. Chen Yinque said: “The culture of the Huaxia ethnic group has evolved over thousands of years and made it very good for the world of Zhao and Song.” (1) The Song and Jin Dynasties were highly prosperous economically and culturally. The rise of Neo-Confucianism, the reduction of speech control, the prosperity of commodity economy and a series of great backgrounds, outstanding literary people in Song Dynasty. In the early period of the Northern Song Dynasty, many of the writers used to be former proletarians and went to the Song Dynasty through the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. They witnessed the changes of the dynasty and their changes. They have a deeper insight into the vicissitudes of life and vicissitudes of life, and often find themselves in their novels Moving things for the experience. After the Renzong Dynasty, society is relatively stable, at