论文部分内容阅读
目的:了解某院住院患者医院感染的流行特征,为进一步有效预防医院感染的发生提供依据。方法:用回顾性调查方法对全院医院感染病例进行综合性监测,采用SPSS13.0对医院2006-2008年度院感数据进行统计描述与分析。结果:2006-2008年,医院感染发病率依次为3.5%、4.3%和4.5%,总体上呈逐年上升趋势。2006-2008年医院感染发病年龄段第一位的均是>60岁年龄段的病人,其次是21~40岁年龄段;下呼吸道感染占首位,其次为上呼吸道感染。2006~2008年医院感染病例中,抗生素的使用率依次为79.3%、88.8%和78.9%。各年份的抗生素使用情况差别有统计学意义(2χ=145.489,P<0.05)。结论:随着医院规模的扩大医院感染率在不断升高;要加强对老年人医院感染的控制预防;注意易感部位上下呼吸道的易感因素,尽量减少这些部位的医院感染;合理正确地使用抗生素及抗菌药物,注重人的自身免疫,减少病原菌感染,都是切实控制院感的重要措施。
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of nosocomial nosocomial infection in a hospital and provide a basis for further effective prevention of nosocomial infection. Methods: Retrospective survey method was used to comprehensively monitor hospital nosocomial infections. SPSS13.0 was used to describe and analyze hospital nocturnal sensation data from 2006 to 2008. Results: From 2006 to 2008, the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections were 3.5%, 4.3% and 4.5% respectively, showing an upward trend year by year. In 2006-2008, the first person in the age group with nosocomial infection was> 60 years of age, followed by the age group of 21-40 years old. The lowest was respiratory tract infection, followed by upper respiratory tract infection. Among the nosocomial infections from 2006 to 2008, the rates of antibiotics were 79.3%, 88.8% and 78.9%, respectively. The antibiotic use in each year had a statistically significant difference (2χ = 145.489, P <0.05). Conclusion: With the expansion of hospital scale, the rate of nosocomial infection is on the rise. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of nosocomial infections in older people. Attention should be paid to the susceptible factors of upper and lower respiratory tract in susceptible parts to minimize the nosocomial infection in these parts. Antibiotics and antibiotics, focusing on human autoimmune, reduce the infection of pathogens, are important measures to effectively control the hospital.