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目的调查育龄期妇女妊娠期糖代谢异常及维生素D相关知识的认知情况,为临床干预措施的实施提供理论依据。方法选取自2014年1月-2016年1月期间在梅州市梅江区常住的育龄期妇女314例为研究对象。通过调查问卷了解受试者对妊娠期糖代谢异常及维生素D相关知识的认知情况。分别统计受试者对妊娠期糖代谢异常相关知识、维生素D相关知识及补充维生素D方式的认知度。结果受试者对妊娠糖尿病的定义、妊娠糖尿病对孕妇及胎儿的影响、妊娠糖尿病与饮食及肥胖的关系的认知度均基本达到90%以上,但是对妊娠糖尿病与遗传、维生素D以及孕妇年龄的关系、妊娠糖尿病的防治措施的认知度均不足80%;受试者对维生素D与骨骼钙化关系的认知度较高,达到72.29%,而对富含维生素D的食品以及维生素D与户外锻炼关系的认知度分别只有52.23%和32.80%;48.09%的受试者了解参加户外锻炼可补充维生素D,了解使用富含维生素D食品和应用维生素D制剂补充维生素D的受试者分别有35.67%和14.01%。结论育龄期妇女缺乏维生素D相关知识及妊娠期糖尿病的防治知识,在社区宣教中应加强妊娠期糖代谢异常及维生素D相关知识的宣教,以有效降低妊娠期糖尿病的发生率。
Objective To investigate the cognition of abnormal glucose metabolism and vitamin D related knowledge in pregnant women of childbearing age, and to provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of clinical interventions. Methods A total of 314 women of childbearing age who lived in Meijiang district of Meizhou City from January 2014 to January 2016 were selected as the study objects. Through the questionnaire to understand the subjects of abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy and vitamin D related knowledge of cognitive status. The subjects were statistically statistics on abnormal glucose metabolism in pregnancy, vitamin D related knowledge and vitamin D supplementation methods. Results The definition of gestational diabetes mellitus, the effect of gestational diabetes on pregnant women and fetuses, the prevalence of gestational diabetes and diet and obesity were all over 90%. However, the correlation between gestational diabetes mellitus and heredity, vitamin D and pregnant women ’s age , The awareness of gestational diabetes prevention and control measures were less than 80%; subjects had a higher awareness of the relationship between vitamin D and bone calcification, reaching 72.29%, while the vitamin D-rich foods and vitamin D and Outdoor exercise awareness of only 52.23% and 32.80% respectively; 48.09% of participants understand that participation in outdoor exercise can be supplemented with vitamin D, to understand the use of vitamin D foods and vitamin D preparations were supplemented with vitamin D were There are 35.67% and 14.01%. Conclusions Women of childbearing age lack of knowledge of vitamin D and prevention and treatment of gestational diabetes. In community missionary education, the education of abnormal glucose metabolism and vitamin D related knowledge during pregnancy should be strengthened so as to effectively reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus.