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栓塞在循环血液内出现不溶解的异物,如脱落的血栓、空气、脂肪等,随血液流动进入较小的血管而阻塞其管腔,这个过程称为栓塞.引起阻塞的物质称为栓子.栓塞有脂肪栓塞、空气栓塞、羊水栓塞、癌细胞栓塞、细菌或寄生虫栓塞等.栓子运行一般与血流方向一致.常见的有脾、肾、脑和下肢动脉分枝阻塞者.偶有自右心或腔静脉系统的栓子,经开放的卵圆孔或缺损的房(室)间隔进入左心和体循环系统而引起栓塞者,称为交义性栓塞或反常性栓塞.也有由右心房或下腔静脉发出的栓子逆流而下,阻塞于肝、肾、股静脉等躯干下部,这种栓塞,称为逆行性栓塞.
Embolization in the circulating blood insoluble foreign body, such as shedding of thrombus, air, fat, etc., with the blood flow into the smaller blood vessels and obstruction of its lumen, this process is called embolism. The cause of obstruction is called emboli. Embolism with fat embolism, air embolism, amniotic fluid embolism, cancer cell embolism, bacterial or parasitic embolism, etc .. The embolus run generally in line with the blood flow.Common spleen, kidney, brain and lower extremity artery branch blockage. From the right ventricle or vena cava in the embolus, through the open foramen ovale or defect in the room (room) into the left ventricular and circulatory system caused by embolism, known as the symptomatic embolic or abnormal embolism. Atrial or inferior vena cava emboli issued under the countercurrent, obstruction in the liver, kidney, femoral vein and other trunk lower part of this embolus, known as retrograde embolism.