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目的了解上海市南汇区农药中毒发生的原因和特点,探讨可行的防治对策。方法收集2004至2006年6月南汇区各医疗单位上报的农药中毒个案报告卡,进行汇总并对结果进行统计学分析。结果全区2004至2006年6月共发生各类农药中毒399例,生产性中毒和生活性中毒分别占总中毒例数的18.55%和81.45%,病死率为6.52%。中毒者平均年龄为(42.4±18.7)岁,15～55岁青壮年占71.68%;15岁以下均为误服农药中毒,占全部中毒人数的3.25%;75岁以上病例自服中毒者28例,占75岁以上人口的90.32%。生产性中毒及生活性中毒均为女性明显高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);杀虫剂是引起农药中毒的主要类别,占86.02%,且以敌敌畏、甲胺磷2种高毒类有机磷中毒为主。结论非生产性农药中毒是地区农药中毒的主要类型;应加强有机磷农药的管理,开展相关的健康教育及干预。
Objective To understand the causes and characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Nanhui District, Shanghai and to explore possible countermeasures. Methods A report card of pesticide poisoning cases reported by medical units in Nanhui District from June 2004 to June 2006 was collected, aggregated and the results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 399 cases of pesticide poisoning occurred from 2004 to June 2006 in the whole district. Productive and living poisonings accounted for 18.55% and 81.45% of the total cases, respectively, with a case fatality rate of 6.52%. The average age of poisoning was (42.4 ± 18.7) years old, aged 15 to 55 years old accounted for 71.68% of young adults; 15 years of age were mistaken for pesticide poisoning, accounting for 3.25% of the total number of poisoning; 75 cases of self-serving poisoning in 28 cases Accounting for 90.32% of the population over the age of 75. Productive and life-induced poisoning were significantly higher in women than in men (P <0.01). Pesticides were the main category causing pesticide poisoning, accounting for 86.02% of the total, with dichlorvos, methamidophos High toxic organic phosphorus poisoning. Conclusion Non-productive pesticide poisoning is the main type of pesticide poisoning in the region. The management of organophosphate pesticides should be strengthened to carry out related health education and intervention.