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目的 了解淮南市法定传染病的流行特征 ,为制定防制措施提供依据。方法 按中国预防医学科学院的疫情规定 ,将 2 0 0 1年报告的法定传染病归纳为肠道、血源及性传播、呼吸道、自然疫源性及虫媒传染病四大类分类统计分析。结果 病毒性肝炎、痢疾、肺结核、疟疾 4种疾病是主要病种 ,占总发病数的 91.2 5 %,其中血源及性传播疾病占据首位。乙型肝炎以谢家集区、田家庵区为主 ,痢疾以谢家集区为主 ,肺结核以田家庵区最多 ,疟疾主要集中在潘集区。痢疾的发病以 6～ 10月为多 ,疟疾以 7～ 10月为多。传染病发病主要以 2 0～ 5 0岁、男性、工人和农民为主。另外 ,痢疾以 10岁以下儿童发病最多 ,肺结核以≥ 6岁发病为多。结论 提示应在不同地区、不同季节、不同人群中有侧重的开展防病工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Huainan and to provide basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods According to the provisions of the epidemic situation of the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, the statutory infectious diseases reported in 2001 were classified into four categories: gut, blood and sexually transmitted, respiratory tract, natural foci and zoonosis. Results The four diseases of viral hepatitis, diarrhea, tuberculosis and malaria were the major diseases, accounting for 91.2% of the total. Among them, blood and sexually transmitted diseases accounted for the first place. Hepatitis B to Xiejiadu District, Tianjia’an District, dysentery to Xiejiadian district, tuberculosis to Tianjianyan district, malaria mainly concentrated in the Panji district. The incidence of dysentery in 6 to 10 months, malaria in July to October as much. Incidence of infectious diseases is mainly 20 to 50 years old, mainly men, workers and peasants. In addition, dysentery is most common in children under 10 years of age and tuberculosis is predominant in adults ≥ 6 years of age. The conclusion suggests that disease prevention should be focused on in different regions, different seasons and different populations.