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通过对高速列车气动噪声产生的关键部位进行简化抽象,对其产生的噪声进行了数值分析。该文着重讨论了两个主要的简化模型,即二维后台阶问题以及三维圆柱绕流问题。对后台阶问题进行数值模拟时采用了NLAS和LES两种不同的方法,并同实验值进行了比较。对三维圆柱绕流问题则直接采用NLAS方法耦合FW-H声音传播方程进行了数值模拟。以此对高速列车气动噪声的机理进行了分析,并对适合于高速列车气动噪声计算的方法进行了选择。
Through the simplified abstraction of the key parts of aerodynamic noise generated by high-speed trains, the noise produced by them is analyzed numerically. This article focuses on two main simplified models, namely the two-dimensional backstepping problem and the three-dimensional cylindrical flow around the problem. Two different methods, NLAS and LES, were used to numerically simulate the backstepping problem and compared with the experimental data. The three-dimensional circular cylinder flow problem is directly simulated by NLAS method coupled with FW-H sound propagation equation. Based on this, the mechanism of aerodynamic noise of high-speed train is analyzed, and the method suitable for calculating aerodynamic noise of high-speed train is selected.