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前苏联有耕地2.3亿公顷,人均0.91公顷(13.7亩),是中国的10倍,革命前是欧洲主要的粮食出口国。由于体制僵化,集体农庄吃大锅饭,谷物产量长期徘徊不前,不能满足国内的需要。中央领导层头脑发热,企图用垦荒的办法来解决粮食问题。1954年开始,苏联首脑赫鲁晓夫发起空前绝后的垦荒运动。推土机推倒树木,拖拉机刨起草根,到处“轰轰烈烈,捷报频传”。在西伯利亚、哈萨克和伏尔加河流域,一片片森林伐倒了,一望无际的草原消失了,出现了平整的农田。草原平坦,又是机械化作业,垦荒造田易如反掌,10年间增加了4180万公顷农田,使苏联新增耕地18％。这是多么“伟大”的成绩啊!
The former Soviet Union had 230 million hectares of arable land and 0.91 hectares (13.7 mu) per capita, 10 times that of China. Before the revolution, it was a major European food exporter. Due to the rigid system, collective farms eat pots, cereal production has long stagnated, can not meet the domestic needs. The central leadership is having a feverish mind and trying to solve the food problem through reclamation. From 1954 onwards, Khrushchov, the Soviet Union’s leader, launched a pioneering and pioneering campaign. Bulldozers toppling trees, tractors planing grassroots everywhere “vigorous, fast-moving.” In Siberia, Kazakhstan and the Volga basin, a piece of forest was felled, the endless grasslands disappeared and flat fields appeared. Prairie is flat, but also mechanized operations, reclamation wasteland is easy, 10 years, an increase of 41.8 million hectares of farmland, so that the Soviet Union 18% of arable land. This is how “great” results ah!