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现代翻译理论界关于文学翻译的讨论倾向于将“忠实”与“流畅”对立起来,因此有广为人知的“异化”和“归化”翻译手法的选择之争。本文首先梳理了中外文学翻译研究领域中关于这个问题的讨论,将主要观点分为厚“信”薄“雅”与厚“雅”薄“信”两大阵营加以阐释。文章第二部分提出“语法结构偏离”的概念,以此来描述那些既能保持对原文的忠实、又能实现中文流畅的翻译手法。在对这一概念做尝试性定义之后,又讨论描述了语法结构偏离的典型路径及评判标准。最后本文将语法结构偏离与很容易混淆的过度翻译做了理论区分。后者往往出于追求译文的流畅而牺牲了对原文的语义忠实,而语法结构的偏离的目的恰恰是实现“信”与“雅”的调和。
The discussion of literary translation in modern translation theorists tends to oppose “faithfulness” and “fluentness”, so there is a well-known debate over the choice between “alienation” and “naturalization” translation techniques. This paper first sorts out the discussion on this issue in the field of literary translation studies at home and abroad, and divides the main points into two major camps: thick, thin, elegant, thick, elegant, thin, and letter Explain. The second part of the article puts forward the concept of “deviation from grammatical structure” to describe the translation techniques that can not only maintain the faithfulness of the original but also make the Chinese fluent. After tentatively defining this concept, we discuss typical paths and criteria that describe the deviations of grammatical structures. Finally, the paper makes a theoretical distinction between the deviations of grammatical structures and the excessive translations that are easily confused. The latter often sacrifices the semantic loyalty of the original texts because of the pursuit of the smoothness of the translation. The purpose of the deviation of the grammatical structures is precisely the reconciliation of the realization of “letters” and “elegance.”