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目的了解佳木斯市城区6~11岁小学生儿童忽视状况,为改善小学生受忽视现况及预防干预工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,随机抽取佳木斯市区三所学校1 189名6~11岁小学生,男女比例均衡,构成比为1.03∶1。采用“中国城区6~11岁小学生儿童忽视评价常模”中规定的量表进行问卷调查,应用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果佳木斯市6~8岁组小学生的总体忽视率和忽视度为37.01%和42.97±7.59,忽视率高于全国水平(P<0.01);9~11岁组小学生的总体忽视率和忽视度为25.71%和43.62±8.97,忽视度高于全国水平(P<0.01);男生的忽视度及忽视率均高于女生(P<0.01),9~11岁组的忽视率高于6~8岁组(P<0.01);在6个忽视层面上,6~8岁组的忽视率为0.19%~20.00%,9~11岁组的忽视率为0.35%~15.78%,各层面上男生的忽视率及忽视度均高于女生(P<0.05);无论以学段或性别分组,小学生均以受到单项忽视为主(6~8岁发生率平均为20.00%,9~11岁发生率平均为17.20%;男、女生发生率分别为20.25%和16.82%)。结论佳木斯城区6~11岁城区小学生整体受到忽视的频率及程度较大;在两个年龄组中,6岁年龄段与10岁年龄段所受忽视相对较轻,其他年龄段的忽视程度相对较重;家长、学校、媒体及社会各界应加强对小学生的关注。
Objective To understand the situation of children’s neglect of primary school children aged 6 ~ 11 years in Jiamusi city and provide scientific basis for improving their neglected status and prevention and intervention. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 1,189 primary school students aged 6 to 11 from three schools in Jiamusi City. The proportion of male to female was balanced with a ratio of 1.03: 1. Questionnaire was conducted using the scale prescribed in “Negative Evaluation of Child Neglect in Primary School Children of 6 ~ 11 Years in Urban China”, and SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The overall neglect rate and ignorance of pupils aged 6 ~ 8 in Jiamusi city were 37.01% and 42.97 ± 7.59, respectively. The neglect rate was higher than the national level (P <0.01). The overall neglect rate and ignorance of pupils in 9 ~ 11 age group were 25.71% and 43.62 ± 8.97, respectively. The ignorance was higher than the national level (P <0.01). The ignorance and neglect rate of boys were higher than girls (P <0.01) (P <0.01). On the six neglect levels, the neglect rate of 6-8 years old group was 0.19% -20.00%, while that of 9-11 years old group was 0.35% -15.78% Rate and neglect degree were higher than girls (P <0.05). Regardless of schooling or gender grouping, pupils were mainly neglected individually (incidence of 6 to 8 years was 20.00% on average, incidence of 9 to 11 years was 17.20%; male and female incidence rates were 20.25% and 16.82% respectively). Conclusion The frequency and extent of neglect of primary schoolchildren in urban areas of 6 ~ 11 years old in Jiamusi City are relatively large. Among the two age groups, the neglect of 6-year-old age group and 10-year-old age group is relatively lighter while that of other age groups is neglected Heavy; Parents, schools, the media and all sectors of society should step up attention to primary school students.