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以新疆南疆日光温室番茄为研究对象,进行熊蜂授粉技术试验。试验结果表明,熊蜂具有适合设施番茄授粉的形态结构和独特的生物学特性,出巢活动温度为9~12℃;熊蜂番茄授粉的坐果率为94.2%;单位面积产量比坐果灵蘸花授粉提高11.2%,果实可溶性固形物、维生素C、总糖含量分别提高12.9%、1%、23.1%;果实风味(糖酸比)也高于坐果灵蘸花处理,果实品质和商品性较好。因此,熊蜂授粉适合南疆生态气候区设施番茄栽培环境。
Taking the tomato in sunlight greenhouse in southern Xinjiang as the research object, the pollination technology experiment of bumblebee was carried out. The results showed that Bumblebee had the morphological structure and unique biological characteristics suitable for tomato pollination in facilities. The temperature of nesting activity was 9-12 ℃. The fruit setting rate of Bumblebee tomato pollination was 94.2%. The yield per unit area was higher than that of sitangling dipping flower pollination 11.2%. The content of soluble solids, vitamin C and total sugar increased by 12.9%, 1% and 23.1%, respectively. The fruit flavor (sugar / acid ratio) was also higher than that of sitangling dipped in flower, and the fruit quality and commerciality were better. Therefore, Bumblebee pollination is suitable for the environment cultivation of tomato in the ecological climate zone of southern Xinjiang.