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目的探索社区高血压患者用药依从性与社会支持之间的关系,分析高血压患者用药依从性的影响因素,为社区高血压疾病干预提供依据。方法 2015年10月采用整群抽样的方法,在黄浦区抽取1 296名高血压患者进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括人口学特征、用药依从性评价和社会支持评定量表。采用SPSS软件分析不同人口特征的高血压患者的用药依从性、社会支持得分及二者的关系,探讨影响社会支持得分的因素。结果 1 121名有效调查对象中用药依从性好450人(40.1%),部分依从566人(50.5%),不依从105人(9.4%);调查对象社会支持总分为(36.33±7.54),客观支持得分(8.23±2.70),主观支持得分(20.80±4.70),对支持的利用度得分(7.30±2.06),不同年龄、婚姻状况、工作状态、家庭平均月收入、居住状况患者的用药依从性差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男性客观支持得分高于女性(P<0.05),但对支持的利用度低于女性(P<0.05),随年龄增加,调查对象社会支持总分及3个维度呈现递减趋势(P<0.001)。调查对象社会支持总分(r=-0.174)、客观支持(r=-0.205)、主观支持(r=-0.102)、对支持的利用度(r=-0.136)均与高血压用药依从性呈显著负相关(P<0.001);年龄和婚姻状况是调查对象社会支持总分(β=-2.156,P<0.001;β=-2.165,P<0.001)、客观支持(β=-0.557,P<0.001;β=-0.757,P<0.001)、主观支持(β=-1.292,P<0.001;β=-1.216,P<0.001)、对支持的利用度(β=-0.307,P<0.001;β=-0.193,P<0.05)的影响因素。年龄和婚姻状况是调查对象社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度的影响因素。结论 2015年上海市黄浦区社区高血压患者用药依从性较低,用药依从性与社会支持存在负相关关系,年龄和婚姻状况是调查对象社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度的影响因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between medication adherence and social support in community-based hypertensive patients and to analyze the influencing factors of medication adherence in hypertensive patients, so as to provide basis for community hypertension intervention. Methods In October 2015, a total of 1,296 hypertensive patients in Huangpu District were surveyed by cluster sampling method. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics, medication compliance assessment and social support rating scale. SPSS software was used to analyze medication compliance, social support scores and the relationship between the two characteristics of hypertensive patients with different demographic characteristics to explore the factors that affect social support scores. Results Among the 121 valid respondents, the drug compliance was 450 (40.1%), 566 (50.5%) and 105 (9.4%), respectively. The social support scores of the respondents were (36.33 ± 7.54), Objective support score (8.23 ± 2.70), subjective support score (20.80 ± 4.70), supportive utilization score (7.30 ± 2.06), different age, marital status, work status, family average monthly income, living conditions of patients with drug compliance (P <0.05). The objective support scores of males were higher than that of females (P <0.05), but the supportive utilization was lower than females (P <0.05). With the increase of age, the social support scores And three dimensions showed a decreasing trend (P <0.001). The social support scores (r = -0.174), objective support (r = -0.205), subjective support (r = -0.102) and supportive utilization (r = -0.136) (Β = -2.156, P <0.001; β = -2.165, P <0.001), and objective support (β = -0.557, P <0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between age and marital status (Β = -0.307, P <0.001; β = -0.757, P <0.001), subjective support (β = -1.292, P <0.001; = -0.193, P <0.05). Age and marital status are the influencing factors of social support score, objective support, subjective support, and utilization of support. Conclusions In 2015, there was a low compliance rate of medication compliance in community-based hypertension patients in Shanghai Huangpu District. There was a negative correlation between drug compliance and social support. Age and marital status were the social support total score, objective support, subjective support, and supportive use of support Degree of influence factors.