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目的探讨一种更安全有效且符合生理解剖的反流性食管炎动物模型的建立方法。方法健康5个月龄新西兰大白兔45只,随机均分为3组:贲门括约肌切开术组(A组),贲门括约肌部分切除术组(B组),Forley导尿管气囊扩张术组(C组)。建模前行食管造瘘术,3组兔分别采用各自方法建立反流性食管炎模型,术前及术后2周进行24hpH值监测,术后4周处死动物,观察大体标本及镜下标本。结果 B组死亡率较其余两组高(P=0.057)。B组兔24h内pH<4的时间百分比、反流次数及pH<4持续时间超过5min的反流次数均高于其余两组,C组略高于A组,但差异无统计学意义;三组造模成功率几近相同。造模成功的兔中,B组中重度反流性食管炎比例较高,但差异无统计学意义。结论贲门括约肌部分切除术造模效果较为理想,但死亡率高;气囊扩张术术式简单,安全性高,造模效果理想,且符合正常生理解剖结构,适合内镜治疗及其他新型治疗方法的基础研究。
Objective To explore a more safe and effective method of establishing an animal model of reflux esophagitis. Methods Forty-five New Zealand white rabbits, 5 months old, were randomly divided into three groups: cardia sphincterotomy group (A group), cardial sphincter resection group (B group), Forley catheter balloon dilatation group Group C). The models of esophageal ostomy were established. Three groups of rabbits were used to establish reflux esophagitis model. The 24hpH values were monitored before and 2 weeks after operation. The animals were sacrificed at 4 weeks after operation. Gross and microscopic specimens . Results The mortality of group B was higher than that of the other two groups (P = 0.057). In group B, the percentage of time of pH <4, the number of reflux and the number of reflux with pH <4 for more than 5 minutes in 24h were higher than those in the other two groups, but the difference was not statistically significant in group C Group modeling success rate of nearly the same. Among the rabbits with successful modeling, the proportion of severe reflux esophagitis in group B was higher, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions Partial cardiac resection of cardia sphincter is effective in modeling, but its mortality rate is high. The technique of balloon dilatation is simple and safe, and its modeling effect is satisfactory. It is in line with normal physiological anatomy and is suitable for endoscopic treatment and other new treatment methods basic research.