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骨转移是恶性肿瘤的常见并发症,一旦发生骨转移,患者常伴有严重疼痛、病理性骨折、高钙血症及神经压迫综合症,且预后较差。骨转移是肿瘤治疗中一个严重而耗费极大的临床症状,也是近年来的研究热点之一。骨转移可分为溶骨性、成骨性及混合性骨转移。成骨性骨转移与溶骨性骨转移本质上的区别在于骨组织微环境中所释放出的细胞因子的作用不同,前者激活的细胞因子均具有促成骨作用。在临床可通过全身骨扫描、X线、CT或MRI等检查手段检测成骨性骨转移的发生。治疗成骨性骨转移不能单一应用一种方法,也不能只重视骨转移而忽视原发肿瘤的治疗,应合理选用化疗、内分泌治疗、外照射治疗、核素治疗、手术、双膦酸盐药物及止痛药物等不同的治疗方法,综合运用多学科手段治疗成骨性骨转移。
Bone metastasis is a common complication of malignant tumors. Once bone metastasis occurs, the patient is often accompanied by severe pain, pathological fracture, hypercalcemia and nerve compression syndrome, and the prognosis is poor. Bone metastasis is a serious and costly clinical symptom in cancer treatment and one of the hot topics in recent years. Bone metastases can be divided into osteolytic, osteogenic and mixed bone metastases. Osseous bone metastases and osteolytic bone metastasis in essence the difference is that bone tissue microenvironment released by the role of cytokines, the former activated cytokines have contributed to the role of bone. Osteogenesis can be detected by whole body bone scan, X-ray, CT or MRI. Treatment of osteogenic bone metastases can not be a single application of a method, can not only focus on bone metastases and neglect of primary tumor treatment, should be a reasonable choice of chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, external beam therapy, radionuclide therapy, surgery, bisphosphonate drugs And painkillers and other different treatment methods, comprehensive use of multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of osteogenic bone metastases.