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运输业是第四个物质生产部门。马克思是这样讲的:“除了采掘工业、农业和加工工业以外,还存在着第四个物质生产领域……这就是运输业,不论它是客运还是货运”。(马克思、恩格斯全集26券第444页“剩余价值理论”—人民出版社1972年版)。实践证明,运输业是一个独立的物质生产部门,是生产资本的一个特殊的投资领域。不论发展农业、工业、采掘工业,运输都必须走在它们的前面。运输业又是一切生产及交换过程在流通过程内的继续。工农业生产以及商业、外贸活动,都必须依赖于运输在流通过程中的继续,才能完成社会生产、交换的全过程。运输业,从继续性上讲,是解决各个物质生产部门受时间、空间限制
Transport is the fourth material production sector. Marx put it this way: “In addition to the extraction of industry, agriculture and processing industries, there is a fourth field of material production ... This is the transport industry, be it passenger or freight.” (Marx and Engels Collection 26 v. 444 “theory of surplus value” - People’s Publishing House, 1972 edition). Practice has proved that the transportation industry is an independent material production department and a special investment area for capital production. Regardless of the development of agriculture, industry, extractive industries, transport must be in front of them. Transport industry is the continuation of all production and exchange processes in the process of circulation. Both industrial and agricultural production as well as commercial and foreign trade activities must rely on the continuation of transport in the circulation process in order to complete the entire process of social production and exchange. In terms of continuity, the transportation industry is to solve the problem of time and space constraints