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M icroRNAs(m iRNAs)是一类新型保守的非编码单链小分子RNA,广泛存在各种生物体中。m iRNAs转录后水平调节基因的表达,主要通过结合到特定靶目标mRNA的3′UTRS端,导致蛋白翻译抑制或促进靶mRNA降解。m iR-NAs在固有免疫和适应性免疫细胞中通过特定的表达谱调节细胞的分化和功能,其表达和功能失调将导致各种免疫性疾病发生,如癌症和自身免疫性疾病。本文中主要阐述目前m iRNAs在免疫系统中的研究及其对各种自身免疫性疾病的影响。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a new class of conserved, non-coding single-stranded small RNAs that are found in a wide range of organisms. The expression of post-transcriptional level regulation genes of m iRNAs, mainly through binding to the 3 ’UTR of specific target mRNA, leads to protein translation inhibition or the promotion of target mRNA degradation. m iR-NAs modulate cell differentiation and function in innate and adaptive immune cells through specific expression profiles whose expression and dysfunction will result in the development of various immune diseases such as cancer and autoimmune diseases. In this paper, we mainly present the current research on m iRNAs in the immune system and its impact on various autoimmune diseases.