Background:The molecular mechanisms underlying the endometriosis are still not completely understood.In order to test the hypothesis that the approaches in phosphoproteomics might contribute to the identification of key biomarkers to assess disease pathogenesis and drug targets,we carried out a phosphoproteomics analysis of human endometrium.Methods:A large-scale differential phosphoproteome analysis,using peptide enrichment of titanium dioxide purify and sequential elution from immobilized metal affinity chromatography with linear trap quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry,was performed in endometrium tissues from 8 women with or without endometriosis.Results:The phosphorylation profiling of endometrium from endometriosis patients had been obtained,and found that identified 516 proteins were modified at phosphorylation level during endometriosis.Gene ontology annotation analysis showed that these proteins were enriched in cellular processes of binding and catalytic activity.Further pathway analysis showed that ribosome pathway and focal adhesion pathway were the top two pathways,which might be deregulated during the development of endometriosis.Conclusions:That large-scale phosphoproteome quantification has been successfully identified in endometrium tissues of women with or without endometriosis will provide new insights to understand the molecular mechanisms of the development of endometriosis.