一、前言西语中的Community具有“社区”和“共同体”的双重含义,其初始含义就是指人们生活的共同体和亲密的伙伴关系。而在腾尼斯的眼中,社区和共同体两个概念的内涵是一致的。他在《共同体与社会》(1887)一书中,将人类群体分为两种类型,即社区和社会。社会是社会共同体,以目的、利益、契约以及距离为基础;社区则是生活共同体,以地域、意识、行为以及利益为特征。现代中国语境下的“社区”更多是指由国家根据社会发展需要而整合成的“法定社区”尤其是在农村社会。近30多年 I. Introduction The Community in Spanish has the dual meaning of “community” and “community”. Its initial meaning refers to the community and intimate partnership of people’s lives. In the eyes of Tennessee, the connotations of the two concepts of community and community are the same. In his book Community and Society (1887), he divided human groups into two groups, communities and societies. Society is a social community based on purpose, interest, contract and distance; community is a living community characterized by geography, consciousness, behavior and interests. The “community” in the context of modern China is more the “legal community” integrated by the state according to the needs of social development, especially in rural areas. Nearly 30 years