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衣原体是一类严格细胞内寄生,具有独特发育周期的原核细胞型微生物,它感染人体可以引起多种疾病,包括沙眼、肺炎和泌尿生殖道感染等.由于衣原体特殊生长条件及其研究手段的局限,阻碍了衣原体致病机制的深入研究.本文从衣原体的生物学特性、黏附与穿入、调控宿主信号通路及对其产生的病理损伤、与宿主细胞凋亡相关关系、免疫逃逸几个方面对衣原体的致病机制进行综述.“,”Chlamydia is a strict intracellular parasite with unique developmental cycle.It can cause various diseases,including trachoma,pneumonia and urogenital tract infections.Due to the special conditions of Chlamydia growth and the limitations of its research methods,the pathogenesis of Chlamydia has been hindered.The pathogenesis of Chlamydia is reviewed from the following aspects:biological characteristics,adhesion and penetration,regulation of host signaling pathways,pathological damage,host cell apoptosis and immune escape.