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在海洋环境中微生物显示出最为丰富的生物多样性,在海洋生态系统中发挥着重要的作用。而其中存在着大量的各种病原微生物,不但能导致各种重要海洋生物患病,还可导致人类患病。随着气候变化的加剧,这些海洋病原微生物有可能会大量繁殖,对沿海地区公共卫生健康和海水养殖业造成巨大威胁。本文主要针对目前海洋环境中病原微生物的传统鉴定方法、分子生物学和免疫学等各主要检测方法的基本原理、研究进展及其在海洋病原生物检测应用等方面进行综述,并讨论了它们的优缺点。
Microbes present the richest biodiversity in marine environments and play an important role in marine ecosystems. And there are a large number of various pathogenic microorganisms, not only can lead to a variety of important marine organisms sick, but also lead to human illness. As climate change worsens, these marine pathogenic microorganisms are likely to proliferate, posing a significant threat to public health and mariculture in the coastal areas. In this paper, the basic principles, research progress and application of the methods of traditional identification of pathogenic microorganisms in the marine environment, the major detection methods of molecular biology and immunology and their application in the detection and detection of marine pathogens are reviewed, and their advantages Disadvantages.