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改革开放以来,区域发展的不平衡现象并没有改善,产业政策与支柱产业也在不断更替,因此中国经济发展的空间与产业梯度的要素比较优势也在不断转化。要素梯度的背后潜藏着供给侧一定的灵活性,意味着供给侧结构性改革可以利用梯度比较优势提升要素供给的灵活性。推进供给侧结构性改革,进一步激发产业与区域的要素梯度优势,是挖掘经济增长新潜力的重要手段。在不同的产业、区域中,劳动力和土地的要素空间梯度差异最为显著,通过设置量化指标,测度区域与产业维度内这两种要素的梯度比较优势变化,进而探讨如何依据要素梯度比较优势从区域层面和产业层面提升要素供给结构的灵活性,全面释放东中西部各区域及各产业的梯度比较优势。
Since the reform and opening up, the unbalanced development in the region has not been improved. Industrial policies and the pillar industries are also constantly changing. Therefore, the comparative advantages of the spatial and the industrial gradient of China’s economic development are also constantly changing. Behind the factor gradient lies a certain degree of flexibility on the supply side, which means that supply-side structural reforms can make use of the comparative advantages of gradient to enhance the flexibility of factor supply. Advancing structural reforms on the supply side and further stimulating the gradient of industries and regions grads, is an important means of taping new potential for economic growth. In different industries and regions, the difference of spatial gradient between labor and land is the most significant. By setting quantitative indexes, the change of gradient comparative advantage between these two elements in measuring area and industry dimension, Level and industry to enhance the flexibility of the supply structure of elements, and comprehensively release the gradient comparative advantages of various regions and industries in the eastern, central and western regions.