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为实现高分视频卫星微光条件下对目标进行长周期凝视曝光成像,设计了适应凝视跟踪稳像姿态变化的自适应曝光周期算法.建立卫星对地实时凝视跟踪数学模型,搭建矢量映射的速度匹配曝光成像关系,利用蒙特卡洛方法对卫星三轴姿态角和姿态角速度控制准确度在微光成像曝光时间内引起的像移量进行统计计算,分析了一定姿态控制准确度下满足高分卫星微光成像的曝光周期.最后,利用灵巧验证卫星进行微光成像曝光周期自适应稳像姿态的在轨试验.结果表明,卫星姿态控制准确度分别为0.08°与0.0088°/s和0.04°与0.003°/s时,对应的成像曝光时间分别为18ms和55.2ms,通过对微光成像的目标点进行分析,曝光过程中成像目标点的实际偏差像元量小于1个像元,此偏差对成像质量影响较小,成像影像的信噪比高.
In order to realize long-period gaze exposure imaging of target under the condition of high-resolution video and satellite illumination, an adaptive exposure cycle algorithm is designed to adapt to the change of gaze-tracking steady-state attitude.The mathematical model of satellite-to-ground real-time gaze tracking is established and the speed of vector mapping Matched with the relationship between exposure imaging, the Monte Carlo method was used to calculate the image shift caused by the attitude accuracy of the three-axis attitude and attitude angular velocity of the satellite during the exposure time of microdays, Finally, the on-orbit test of smart adaptive satellite image stabilization is carried out using smart verification satellite.The results show that the satellite attitude control accuracy is respectively 0.08 ° and 0.0088 ° / s and 0.04 ° and 0.003 ° / s, the corresponding imaging exposure time is 18ms and 55.2ms, respectively. By analyzing the target point of the imaging, the actual deviation pixel amount of the imaging target point during exposure is less than 1 pixel. The imaging quality has a small impact, and the imaging signal has a high signal-to-noise ratio.