论文部分内容阅读
世界上每年患疟疾超过2亿人,死亡近150万人。疟疾的前驱症状不具有特异性,若不及时处理,病情有可能迅速恶化甚至致命。 病原学 疟疾虫分4种:恶性疟原虫、间日疟原虫、三日疟原虫和卵形疟原虫。均由按蚊(anopheles)叮咬传播,其中以恶性疟和间日疟传播轻度,不过只有恶性疟可能导致严重致命后果。疟疾流行区较广,多发生在中美洲、南美洲、非洲、中东、南亚、南太平洋等区域,特别是非洲的撒哈拉沙漠。 高危人群 凡疟疾好发地区如果遇到不明原因发烧的病人必须到急诊室,预检护士对其进行咨询:(1)在最近3个月中,是否曾到外地或出国旅行?(2)路过哪些地区或国家?(3)是否预防性服用过抗疟药?是否遗忘或停止服用?(4)曾经得过疟疾没有?
There are over 200 million malaria cases and nearly 1.5 million deaths each year in the world. The prodromal symptoms of malaria are not specific, and if not treated promptly, the condition may rapidly deteriorate or even be fatal. Etiological malaria divided into four species: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malaria and Plasmodium ovale. Are transmitted by anopheles bites, with mild transmission of falciparum malaria and Plasmodium vivax, although only falciparum malaria can cause serious deadly consequences. The malaria epidemic area is wider, mostly in Central America, South America, Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, the South Pacific and other regions, especially in the Sahara Desert in Africa. High-risk groups Where malaria-prone areas have unexplained fever Patients must go to the emergency room where the pre-nurse consults: (1) Have they traveled abroad or traveled abroad in the last 3 months? (2) Passed Which regions or countries? (3) Are anti-malaria drugs taken prophylactically? Are they forgotten or stopped? (4) Have you ever had malaria?