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采用最近开发的三维岩石破裂过程分析软件RFPA3D模拟单边裂纹紧凑拉伸断裂过程。试验中五个不同尺寸的岩样具有相同的力学性质参数分布,模拟结果得到了裂纹扩展中的应力场、位移场和声发射的空间分布以及单边裂纹扩展贯通的过程。单边裂纹拉伸断裂的路径是一个复杂的空间三维曲面,三维裂纹比二维裂纹更为复杂。分析了岩石试样的峰值强度和试样尺寸之间的关系。随着岩样尺寸的增加,峰值强度逐渐减小,并且延性破坏特征更加明显,模拟结果满足岩石的尺寸效应规律。最后模拟了三组不同均匀性的试样拉伸破坏过程,结果表明细观上的非均匀性对岩石尺寸效应有很大影响,随着非均匀性的增加,岩石宏观强度随之提高,即使在均匀材料中一样存在尺寸效应。
The recent development of the three-dimensional rock fracture process analysis software RFPA3D simulates the unilateral crack compact tensile fracture process. Five rock samples with different sizes have the same mechanical property parameter distribution in the experiment. The simulation results obtained the stress field, the displacement field, the spatial distribution of acoustic emission and the process of unilateral crack propagation. The path of unilateral crack tensile fracture is a complex three-dimensional curved surface of space, and the three-dimensional crack is more complicated than the two-dimensional crack. The relationship between the peak intensity of the rock sample and the sample size was analyzed. With the increase of rock sample size, the peak strength decreases and the ductile failure characteristics become more obvious. The simulation results meet the rule of size effect of rock. Finally, the tensile failure process of three specimens with different homogeneity was simulated. The results show that the mesoscopic heterogeneity has a great influence on the size effect of rock. As the heterogeneity increases, the macroscopic strength of rock increases, The same size effect in uniform materials.