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研究了Bi及稀土添加对Zn-10Al-5Cu(mass%)基体合金的润湿性能、显微组织、力学性能的影响。结果表明:钎料合金铺展面积随Bi添加量的增加而增大;铜铝接头抗剪强度随Bi添加量的增加而先增加后降低,得到的Zn-10Al-5Cu-2Bi(mass%)是性能较为优良的钎料。在Zn-10Al-5Cu-2Bi(mass%)钎料中添加稀土La、Nd,钎料的润湿性得到改善,当稀土元素添加量为0.15%时,钎料的润湿性能最佳。随着稀土元素的添加,钎料中大块的黑色共析组织逐渐变小,基体组织得到细化;当稀土元素含量为0.1%时,基体组织最为均匀、细密,晶粒也达到最大程度的细化,铜铝钎焊接头的抗剪强度达到最大。因此稀土La、Nd元素在Zn-10Al-5Cu-2Bi(mass%)中的最佳添加量为0.1%左右。
The effects of Bi and rare earth addition on the wettability, microstructure and mechanical properties of Zn-10Al-5Cu (mass%) matrix alloy were studied. The results show that the spreading area of brazing alloy increases with the addition of Bi. The shear strength of Cu-Al joint increases first and then decreases with the addition of Bi. The obtained Zn-10Al-5Cu-2Bi (mass%) is Better performance of the solder. The wettability of rare earth La, Nd and brazing filler metal was improved when Zn-10Al-5Cu-2Bi (mass%) solder was added. When the addition amount of rare earth element was 0.15%, the wettability of solder was the best. With the addition of rare earth elements, the bulk of the black eutectoid structure in the solder gradually becomes smaller and the matrix structure is refined. When the RE content is 0.1%, the matrix structure is the most uniform and fine, and the grains reach the maximum Refinement, copper and aluminum brazed joints to achieve the maximum shear strength. Therefore, the optimal addition amount of rare earth La and Nd elements in Zn-10Al-5Cu-2Bi (mass%) is about 0.1%.