清末在中介、流通、贸易等各行业中,普遍出现帮派组织,金融业界也早就有以钱业从事者为主体的帮派组织。金融业的帮派因文献的缺乏,无法考其渊源,但其发生可说是外地客商在传统经济体制下谋求金融周转之便的结果。各帮派在钱业经营上所采用的办法,与其他帮派不同,帮派的成员仅以同乡人为主,其他外地人则因排他性,难以加入。清末民初天津金融市场的外地帮派,是因外地银号及 In the late Qing Dynasty in the intermediary, circulation, trade and other industries, the general emergence of gang organizations, the financial industry has long been the money industry as the main gang organization. Because of the lack of literature, the gangs in the financial industry can not test their origins, but their occurrence can be attributed to the foreign merchants’ seeking financial turnover under the traditional economic system. Different from other gangs, gangs are dominated by fellow-villagers and other outsiders are excluded because of their exclusivity. The foreign gangs in Tianjin’s financial markets during the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China were due to foreign bank loans