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目的 探索装甲车辆驾驶员在热环境下持续作业时心理、生理的变化趋势。方法 10名标准对象按交叉设计法分为对照组和驾驶员组。驾驶员组按装甲车辆实际作业需要实施连续作业 ,作业环境温度 32℃～ 38℃ ,相对湿度 5 0 %～ 80 %。作业过程中同步动态测定驾驶员的心率、体温、收缩压、脉压差 4项主要生理参数变化 ,从计算机化的神经行为测试评价系统抽取情绪状况问卷、系列加减和数字检索对驾驶员作业前后的心理变化进行测定。结果 作业开始后 ,驾驶员 4项生理参数曲线迅速同步升高 ,(36± 3)min时形成第一次高峰 ,随后平稳下降 ;(14 4± 8)min时 ,心率、体温、收缩压又明显上升 ,形成第二次高峰。作业后行为心理测量结果提示 ,驾驶员疲劳程度迅速增加 ,握力大幅度下降 ,兴奋性明显下降 ,迷茫、抑郁等负性情绪上升 ,视感知 -操作错误数升高 ,正确数下降 ,智力下降 ,运动速度、灵敏性下降。结论 装甲车辆驾驶员在热环境下持续作业时相关生理参数呈现双峰反应 ,第一峰出现在 (36± 3)min ,为机体动员期 ,随后进入生理平稳期 ,第二峰出现在 (14 4± 8)min ,为生理耐限期。
Objective To explore the changing psychology and physiology of armored vehicle drivers in continuous operation under hot environment. Methods Ten standard subjects were divided into control group and pilot group by cross design method. The pilot group needs to carry out continuous operations according to the actual operation of armored vehicles. The operating ambient temperature is 32 ° C to 38 ° C and the relative humidity is 50% to 80%. During the operation, the driver’s heart rate, body temperature, systolic pressure and pulse pressure difference were dynamically measured synchronously. The changes of the four major physiological parameters of the driver were taken from the computerized neurobehavioral assessment system. Emotion status questionnaires, serial addition and subtraction and digital retrieval Before and after the psychological changes were measured. Results After the start of operation, the curves of four physiological parameters of drivers were rapidly and simultaneously increased, the first peak was formed at (36 ± 3) min and then decreased steadily. At 14 4 ± 8 min, heart rate, body temperature and systolic pressure were Obvious rise, the formation of the second peak. The results of behavioral psychology showed that the driver’s fatigue increased rapidly, the grip decreased significantly, the excitability decreased significantly, the negative emotions such as confusion and depression increased. The perceived-operation error increased, the correct number decreased, intelligence decreased, Movement speed, sensitivity decreased. Conclusion The bimonthly physiological response of armored vehicle drivers showed a bimodal response to the continuous operation under hot environment. The first peak appeared at (36 ± 3) min, which was the body mobilization period and then entered the physiological stationary period. The second peak appeared at (14 4 ± 8) min, physiological tolerance period.