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以兰州市边缘的城郊型小流域为研究对象,使用多目标决策方法,进行城郊型流域治理优化模式设计研究.结果表明:小流域优化结构模式使经济林果业得到发展,提高了草地的产量,为工业用地的发展预留了空间.水土保持方面,综合保水率、保土率达到80%以上,年径流模数和土壤侵蚀模数显著降低,减少侵蚀量15.73×104t,减少径流255×104m3.优化结构模式实施后,经济、生态和社会效益明显,使小流域年人均农业收入可由原来的1 303元增至2 646元;减轻了市区的洪灾威胁,有效地控制了泥沙下泄进入市区,起到净化市区空气、水源污染;增强了人们的水土保持生态环境建设意识,激发了群众城郊型小流域水土保持建设的积极性.
Taking the outskirts-type small watershed on the fringe of Lanzhou as the research object, the multi-objective decision-making method was used to study the optimization design of suburban watershed management.The results showed that the optimized structure model of the small watershed led to the development of economic fruit and fruit industry, increased the yield of grassland, Which reserved space for the development of industrial land.For water and soil conservation, the comprehensive water retention rate and soil conservation rate reached more than 80%, and the annual runoff modulus and soil erosion modulus decreased significantly, reducing erosion by 15.73 × 104t and reducing runoff by 255 × 104m3 After the implementation of the optimized structural mode, the economic, ecological and social benefits are obvious, so that the annual per capita agricultural income in the small river basins can be increased from 1,230 yuan to 2,664 yuan per capita; flood threats in the urban areas are reduced and silt discharge is effectively controlled Urban areas, play a purify the urban air, water pollution; enhance people’s awareness of soil and water conservation of ecological environment, stimulate the masses of suburban watershed construction of soil and water conservation initiative.