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以容易发生空秆和不容易空秆的成对近等基因系、易发生空秆的杂交种、正常杂交种、自交系为试材,采用人工遮荫方法进行光照胁迫,对诱发空秆的光照因子及其胁迫效果进行研究。结果表明,试验初步验证了玉米存在遗传缺陷性空秆现象,弱光胁迫对不同品种均会造成空秆并随着遮荫强度增大而增加,品种间差异很大。抽雄期至吐丝末期是玉米空秆对弱光胁迫的最敏感时期,雌穗不能正常吐丝是造成品种异常性高比率空秆的主因,结穗率降低是次要原因。易空秆近等基因系沈农98A空秆的光胁迫强度应在遮荫38%以下;不空秆近等基因系沈农98B与正常自交系昌7-2的耐荫性相近,诱发其空秆的光胁迫强度范围应在遮荫38%~60%之间;在遮荫75%左右时,东单90、东单80与郑单958之间,空秆率有明显区别。
In order to induce empty stalks and pairs of near isogenic lines that are not easily empty stalks, hybrids with empty stalks, normal hybrids and inbred lines as test materials, Light factor and its stress effects were studied. The results showed that the experiment initially validated the phenomenon of genetic defective empty stalks in maize. Low light stress caused empty stalk in different varieties and increased with the increase of shading intensity, and the varieties varied greatly. The tasseling stage to the end of the spinning stage is the most sensitive period of corn stalks to low light stress. The abnormal ear sprouting of the ear is the main cause of the abnormal high percentage of empty stalk. The decrease of the earing percentage is the secondary reason. The light stress intensity of Shennong 98A empty stalk near the isogenic lines of easy-stalk was below 38% of shading. Shennong 98B near-isogenic lines without empty stalk had similar light-tolerance to that of Chang 7-2 with normal inbred lines, The light stress intensity range of empty stalk should be between 38% and 60%. When the shade is about 75%, the empty stalk rate is obviously different between Dongdan 90, Dongdan 80 and Zhengdan 958.