为了对不同岩质条件下的隧道爆破震动空洞效应的影响进行探讨,试验基于实测数据建立的特征值及时程分析方法,建立不同弹性模量工况情形下的三维多场耦合模型,对空洞效应的影响及规律进行统计分析,提出相应的减少空洞效应危害的措施及建议。以实测数据为基础建立的数值模型研究结果表明,空洞效应的发生具有一定的区域性,一般在0~80m范围内容易产生空洞效应,且产生的区域跟围岩情况和周围特定环境相关。在不同弹模工况下,各通道震速的变化促成不同岩质下隧道空洞效应放大倍数的不同,且较硬围岩比较软围岩更容易产生空洞效应的放大现象。工程师们不仅应该对未开挖段地表进行监测,而且应该对已开挖段地表加大监测力度,防止因空洞效应的产生出现安全判据条件失误或者超限现象的发生。 In order to study the influence of tunneling blasting cavitation under different rock conditions, based on the eigenvalue and time history analysis method of the measured data, a three-dimensional multi-field coupled model with different elastic modulus conditions is established, and the cavitation effect The impact and laws of statistical analysis, put forward corresponding measures to reduce the hazards of hollow effect and recommendations. The numerical results based on the measured data show that the occurrence of the cavity effect has some regional characteristics. Generally, it is easy to produce the cavity effect in the range of 0 ~ 80m, and the region is related to the surrounding rock conditions and the surrounding specific environment. Under different elastic modes, the variation of the velocity of each channel contributes to the different magnification of tunneling effect under different rock mass, and the enlargement phenomenon of hollow effect is more likely to occur in the softer surrounding rock than the hard rock. Engineers should not only monitor the surface of the unexploded section, but also should monitor the surface of the section that has been excavated so as to prevent the failure of the safety criterion or the occurrence of the overrun due to the void effect.