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目的分析孕妇孕期被动吸烟情况及有关被动吸烟知识、态度和行为(KAP)。方法以湖北省武汉市3所医院住院分娩和产前检查的孕妇为研究对象,采用面对面访谈方式问卷调查孕妇一般特征、被动吸烟状况及有关被动吸烟的KAP信息。结果共调查孕妇806人,孕期被动吸烟率为34.9%,无烟家庭共计210户(21.2%);被动吸烟的知识平均得分为(8.75±3.46)分,暴露组得分(8.35±3.57)分低于非暴露组(8.96±3.38)分,2组差异有统计学意义(t=2.32,P=0.021);吸烟态度方面,70%的孕妇反对丈夫抽烟,80%认为公共场所应该禁烟;对待丈夫吸烟采取的行为方式均以劝阻为主,对待其他场所其他吸烟者采取的行为以回避为主,主动劝阻较少,不同场所的回避率为42.0%~73.0%。结论武汉市孕妇被动吸烟率较高,孕妇有关被动吸烟的知识掌握不足,可能使其无法真正采取有效行为避免被动吸烟。
Objective To analyze pregnant women during pregnancy passive smoking and related knowledge, attitude and behavior of passive smoking (KAP). Methods Pregnant women in hospital delivery and prenatal care in 3 hospitals in Wuhan City of Hubei Province were studied. The general characteristics of pregnant women, passive smoking status and KAP information on passive smoking were investigated by face-to-face interview. Results A total of 806 pregnant women were surveyed. The rate of passive smoking during pregnancy was 34.9%, that of non-smoking households was 210 (21.2%), that of passive smoking was (8.75 ± 3.46), and that of exposed group was 8.35 ± 3.57 In the non-exposed group (8.96 ± 3.38), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t = 2.32, P = 0.021). In terms of smoking attitude, 70% of the pregnant women opposed her husband’s smoking and 80% believed that the public should be prohibited from smoking. The behaviors of smoking were mainly dissuasive, and the behaviors of other smokers in other places were evasive and less active. The avoidance rates of different places were 42.0% ~ 73.0%. Conclusions Pregnant women in Wuhan have a high rate of passive smoking and lack of knowledge about passive smoking among pregnant women, which may prevent them from taking effective actions to avoid passive smoking.