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设置氮、磷、钾缺乏和过量,钙、镁、硫缺乏以及全素等10个处理,采用砂培法研究大量元素缺失或过量对降香黄檀幼苗生长及叶片养分状况的影响。结果表明:处理约20 d时幼苗叶片开始出现不同症状,其中氮、磷、镁的影响最为明显;养分胁迫显著影响苗木生长,缺磷、磷过量和缺氮的苗高分别比对照下降64.5%、61.6%和56.0%,叶面积下降95.1%、92.8%和76.3%,生物量下降92.1%、93.0%和80.6%。向量分析结果表明,在大量元素缺乏的情况下,叶片营养元素间存在协同或拮抗作用,氮和钙之间具明显的协同作用,而磷过量和钾过量会降低钙的吸收。
Nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium deficiency and excess, calcium, magnesium, sulfur deficiency and total nitrogen were set up to treat 10 different treatments. Sand culture was used to study the effects of large amount of element deficiency or overdose on the growth and leaf nutrient status. The results showed that seedling leaves began to show different symptoms at about 20 d after treatment, of which nitrogen, phosphorus and magnesium had the most obvious effects. Nutrient stress significantly affected seedling growth, and the seedling height of phosphorus deficiency, phosphorus excess and nitrogen deficiency decreased by 64.5% , 61.6% and 56.0%, leaf area decreased 95.1%, 92.8% and 76.3%, biomass decreased 92.1%, 93.0% and 80.6% respectively. Vector analysis showed that in the absence of a large number of elements, there is a synergistic or antagonistic effect between nutrient elements in the leaves, and a significant synergistic effect between nitrogen and calcium. However, excess phosphorus and excess potassium reduce the calcium absorption.