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[目的]探讨电网企业不同类型变电站工频电磁场及个体磁场暴露状况。[方法]选取广东某供电局3座不同电压等级变电站及办公场所,对工作环境的电磁场强度进行检测,并对典型作业人员进行个体磁场暴露水平测量。[结果]500kV变电站区域电场强度最高,其中隔刀母线下方电场强度达到11.573kV/m。电抗器及大电流母线排附近磁感应强度最高,例如在500kV变电站内的35kV电抗器附近可测得磁感应强度达到767.79μT。办公室工频电磁场强度比变电站职业环境小得多。由于500、220kV变电站内具有较多的大电流和高磁场源设备,因此随着变电站电压等级升高,个体磁场暴露水平逐渐升高,其中,500kV变电站个体磁场暴露水平分别为(1.50±0.01)μT和(3.90±1.32)μT,而办公室人员均值水平介于(0.02±0.23)~(0.11±0.10)μT。[结论]电网企业不同工作环境电磁场强度差异较大,500kV及220kV运行人员有接触高强度电场和高水平工频磁场的风险。
[Objective] The purpose of this paper is to discuss the electromagnetic field of power frequency and individual magnetic field exposure of different types of substations in power grid. [Method] Three substations and office places with different voltage levels in a power supply station in Guangdong were selected to test the electromagnetic field strength of the working environment and to measure the exposure level of individual magnetic field to typical workers. [Result] The electric field intensity of the 500kV substation was the highest, and the electric field intensity below the busbar reached 11.573kV / m. Reactors and high-current busbar near the highest magnetic induction, for example, in the vicinity of 35kV reactor 500kV substation can be measured magnetic induction of 767.79μT. Office frequency electromagnetic field strength substation occupational environment is much smaller. Due to the high current and high magnetic field source equipment in 500 and 220kV substations, the exposure level of individual magnetic field gradually increases with the increase of substation voltage level. The exposure levels of individual magnetic fields in 500kV substations are (1.50 ± 0.01) μT and 3.90 ± 1.32 μT, respectively, while the mean of office workers ranged from (0.02 ± 0.23) ~ (0.11 ± 0.10) μT. [Conclusion] There is a big difference in electromagnetic field strength between different working environments in power grid enterprises. There is a risk that 500 kV and 220 kV operation personnel may come into contact with high-intensity electric fields and high-level power frequency magnetic fields.