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本文的研究目的是探讨自然通风模式下地铁区间隧道火灾人员疏散微环境中烟气温度、能见度和CO浓度分布,为地铁隧道火灾防范提供理论依据。采用FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator)软件模拟列车中部着火且列车停在隧道中部和停在靠近隧道一端站台2种火灾情况下,隧道内纵断面人眼特征高度的烟气温度、能见度和CO浓度分布,并运用火灾危险状态判据分析人员疏散微环境。模拟结果表明,对于采用隧道轨顶设置通风竖井的自然通风模式,当通风竖井间距不超过30 m时,可以满足地铁区间隧道火灾人员对疏散微环境的要求,保证人员的安全疏散和消防救援。
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the flue gas temperature, visibility and CO concentration distribution in the evacuation micro-environment of subway tunnel tunnels under the mode of natural ventilation in order to provide a theoretical basis for the fire prevention of subway tunnels. FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) software was used to simulate the flue gas temperature, visibility and CO concentration distribution at the human eye characteristic height of the longitudinal section of the tunnel under two types of fires that were stopped in the central part of the tunnel and stopped at the platform near one end of the tunnel. And use fire hazard criteria to analyze personnel evacuation microenvironment. The simulation results show that for the natural ventilation mode with ventilation shafts installed at the top of the tunnel, the requirements of evacuation micro-environment for firemen in subway tunnels can be met when the ventilation shaft spacing is less than 30m, so as to ensure the safety evacuation of personnel and fire rescue.