黄曲霉菌及其黄曲霉毒素对人类的严重危害是世界性难题,给粮食生产和人类健康带来了极大的损害。在对黄曲霉菌及毒素的防治研究中,微生物资源已被证明具有高效的抑菌作用。近年来,多种新颖的微生物资源被筛选和应用于防治田间或储藏期作物黄曲霉病害,取得了高效的应用价值。研究对近期报道的各类功能微生物在防治田间和储藏期黄曲霉菌及毒素的最新进展进行了综述,微生物通过竞争抑制、拮抗作用、毒素的吸附和降解、储藏期呼吸抑制、以及新发现的微生物挥发气体抑菌等方式发挥拮抗作用,为田间和储藏期作物的合理防控、食品安全和人类健康等提供重要的参考依据。 Aspergillus flavus and its aflatoxins to human beings is a serious problem on a global scale, which has brought tremendous damage to food production and human health. Microbial resources have proven to be highly effective in the control of aflatoxins and toxins. In recent years, a variety of novel microbial resources have been screened and applied to control aflatoxin crops in the field or during storage, and have achieved high application value. This review summarizes recent progress in the control of various types of functional microorganisms in the field and in storage as well as competition and inhibition, antagonism, adsorption and degradation of toxins, respiratory depression during storage, and newly discovered Microbial antimicrobial gas play an antagonistic role, for the field and storage of crops, reasonable control, food safety and human health provide an important reference.