预防接种能使机体迅速有效地获得相应的防御传染病的能力,起着防病、治病的作用。现将所采用的菌苗、疫苗及其作用;机体在接种后引起的免疫反应等问题概括介绍如下。一、菌苗、疫苗:用细菌制备的制剂称为菌苗(习惯亦统称疫苗)。用其他微生物如病毒制备的制剂称为疫苗。它们是预防接种的主要材料。 Vaccination can make the body quickly and effectively obtain the corresponding ability to prevent infectious diseases, plays a preventive disease, the role of treatment. The bacterins, vaccines and their effects that are now being used; the immunological reactions caused by the body after vaccination, etc., are summarized below. First, vaccine, vaccine: Preparation of bacteria called bacterins (habit also collectively referred to as vaccine). Formulations made with other microorganisms such as viruses are called vaccines. They are the main source of vaccination.