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介绍了构成空气污染的最主要来源大气矿物质颗粒物PM10～2.5。通过分析PM对生物体内细胞的各种生化作用、自由基及尘载微生物毒性的研究,结合动物实验和流行病学调查,阐述PM的危害机理。指出目前对PM2.5以及更细的颗粒物如纳米物质的生物活性与效应研究较少,未把PM自身特性的生物响应纳入研究内容,尚未建立细颗粒物对生物机体(如微生物和低等植物)危害的总体结果与评价;今后应从界面反应等多因子重点揭示其毒理学机理,以多学科对PM生物活性和生态毒性进行深入研究。
The most important source of air pollution, PM10 ~ 2.5, is introduced. By analyzing the biochemical effects of PM on the cells in vivo, the study on the toxicity of free radicals and dust-carrying microorganisms, and the animal experiments and epidemiological investigations, the mechanism of PM’s damage was expounded. It is pointed out that there are few researches on the biological activity and effect of PM2.5 and finer particles such as nanomaterials, the biological response of PM is not included in the research contents, and no biological effect of fine particles on organisms (such as microorganisms and lower plants) The overall results and evaluation of the hazards should be explored in the future from the interfacial reaction and other multifactorial factors, and the in-depth study on the biological activity and ecotoxicity of PM should be conducted in a multidisciplinary manner.