【摘 要】
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Prochlorococcus,a group of marine cyanobacteria,is the most abundant and smallest oxygen-producing photosynthetic microorganism.It is mainly distributed in the
【机 构】
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College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;State
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Prochlorococcus,a group of marine cyanobacteria,is the most abundant and smallest oxygen-producing photosynthetic microorganism.It is mainly distributed in the euphoric zone of tropical and subtropical oceans and is a key participant in the marine biogeochemical cycle.Prochlorococcus has evolved continuously to adapt to the marine environment,and can be considered a recent evolutionary form of cyanobacteria,one of the most ancient life forms.The diverse ecotypes and subecotypes of Prochlorococcus increase its genomic diversity and environmental adaptability,allowing Prochlorococcus to become a dominant species in its environment.Here we review the ecotype classification and distribution,ecotype and subecotype differentiation,and environmental adaptability of Prochlorococcus.We also evaluate the role and significance of ecotype and sub-ecotype differentiation of Prochlorococcus,and discuss future research directions on this basis.
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