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目的探讨地方病健康教育干预有效模式和途径,评价干预效果。方法对福建省小学生及家庭主妇进行健康教育干预,并对干预前后地方病防治知识进行问卷调查。结果经过健康干预后,小学生地氟病防治知识知晓率由60.04%上升到97.02%(χ2=726.32,P〈0.01);家庭主妇地氟病防治知识知晓率由67.87%上升到95.65%(χ2=279.38,P<0.01),小学生和家庭主妇的地氟病防治知识知晓率均达到项目实施目标的80%以上,表明开展健康教育干预活动效果显著。结论通过有效的健康教育干预活动,可以全面提高地方病区目标人群地氟病防治知识知晓率,改变不良生活习惯。
Objective To explore effective modes and ways of health education intervention for endemic diseases and evaluate the effect of intervention. Methods Health education interventions were made for primary school students and housewives in Fujian Province. Questionnaires were also conducted on the knowledge about prevention and treatment of endemic diseases before and after intervention. Results After health intervention, the awareness rate of prevention and control of ground-level fluorosis among pupils increased from 60.04% to 97.02% (χ2 = 726.32, P <0.01) 279.38, P <0.01). The awareness rate of prevention and treatment of DXF among primary school students and housewives reached more than 80% of the project implementation goals, indicating that the effect of health education intervention was significant. Conclusion Through effective health education interventions, we can comprehensively improve the rate of knowledge on prevention and treatment of fluorosis and change unhealthy living habits among target groups in endemic wards.