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《民事诉讼法》第14条明确规定了人民检察院有权对民事诉讼实行法律监督。民事检察监督作为一种特殊的司法救济制度,用检察机关诉讼监督权去监督人民法院审判权和执行权,是一种用公权力监督公权力的制度安排。但是,民事诉讼处理的是当事人之间的私人事务,民事检察监督必然会介入当事人的私权利,其结果往往会直接影响民事诉讼当事人的权利和义务。文章拟从民事检察监督程序的启动、案件事实的审查、监督决定的作出三个方面,对民事检察监督中公权与私权的关系进行分析和探讨,以期对民事检察实践有所裨益。
Article 14 of the Code of Civil Procedure clearly stipulates that the People’s Procuratorate has the power to exercise legal supervision over civil proceedings. As a special judicial remedy system, civil procuratorial supervision is to supervise the adjudication and enforcement power of the people’s court with the supervisory authority of the procuratorial organ. It is a systematic arrangement to supervise public power with public power. However, the civil litigation deals with the private affairs between the parties, and the civil procuratorial supervision will inevitably intervene the private rights of the parties, and the result will often directly affect the rights and obligations of the parties involved in civil litigation. The article intends to analyze and discuss the relationship between civil rights and private rights in the civil procuratorial supervision from the aspects of the initiation of civil procuratorial and supervisory procedures, the examination of the facts of cases and the making of supervision decisions with a view to the benefit of civil procuratorial practice.