介绍了九十年代发展起来的超瑞利散射（ＨＲＳ）技术的简史、理论、研究意义以及作者目前的研究工作。ＨＲＳ是溶液或气体中分子的二阶或高阶非相干散射，通过ＨＲＳ技术不仅可以测定分子的超极化率，还可以了解分子结构和分子间的相互作用。给出了ＨＲＳ技术的实验装置及分析方法，并总结了其优越于传统的电场诱导二次谐波产生（ＥＦＩＳＨＧ）技术的一些特点。 The brief history, theory, research significance and current author's research work of the Super Rayleigh scattering (HRS) technology developed in the nineties are introduced. HRS is the second-order or higher-order incoherent scattering of molecules in solution or gas. The HRS technique not only determines the hyperpolarizability of a molecule, but also the molecular structure and intermolecular interactions. The experimental setup and analysis method of HRS technology are given, and some characteristics of its superiority over traditional EFISHG technology are summarized.