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改革开放以来大量FDI进入我国,但内资部门相对薄弱的吸收能力使得FDI技术溢出效应并不明显,我国技术创新的效率仍有待提高。文章在测算我国各省创新绩效的基础上,运用系统GMM广义距估计研究了在外资异质条件下吸收能力对创新绩效的影响。研究结果表明:吸收能力对创新绩效的提升具有双重作用,我国吸收的FDI总体上不利于吸收能力双重作用的发挥;港台FDI有助于提升我国企业的自主创新能力,但却不利于技术吸收,而欧美FDI则表现相反;外资技术含量过高不利于内资部门技术吸收,并会削弱本国自主创新能力;与中外合资、中外合作的企业形式相比,外商独资企业不利于内资部门技术吸收,并会产生一定程度的逆向技术溢出。
Since the reform and opening up, a large number of FDI have entered China, but the relatively weak absorptive capacity of domestic-funded departments makes the technology spillover effect of FDI not obvious, and the efficiency of technological innovation in our country still needs to be improved. On the basis of measuring the innovation performance of each province in our country, the article studies the influence of absorptive capacity on innovation performance under the heterogeneity of foreign capital using GMMM generalized distance estimation. The results show that absorptive capacity plays a dual role in improving innovation performance. FDI absorbed by our country is not conducive to the dual role of absorptive capacity as a whole. FDI between Hong Kong and Taiwan helps to improve the capability of independent innovation of Chinese enterprises, but not conducive to technology absorption , While FDI in Europe and the United States showed the opposite trend. The high technical content of foreign investment is not conducive to the absorption of technology by domestic-funded departments and will weaken the capability of indigenous innovation. Compared with Sino-foreign joint ventures and Sino-foreign cooperative enterprise forms, WFOEs are not conducive to technology absorption by domestic- And will produce a certain degree of reverse technology spillover.