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本文分析了尼采的两个主题——酒神精神和敌基督的思想来源,用文本证据揭露他自由摘取当时德国古典学中狄奥尼索斯传统和圣经语文考证学中的历史批判的基本观点,同时又对他所引用的作者加以激烈抨击。这种现在看来实属恶劣的文风,反映了尼采对古典语文学考证所持的“非历史和超历史”的一贯态度。这种态度的影响在福柯“谱系学”的历史叙事中明显可见。本文以尼采的写作为例,对这种借古典语文学证据“严谨可靠”的名义,宣扬自己主观意念的“历史写作”提出批评。
This article analyzes the two themes of Nietzsche - the spirit of Dionysus and the source of the Antichrist, and reveals with textual evidence that he freely extracted the basic historical critiques of the Dionysian tradition and the Bible Chinese textual research at that time in German classical theory While at the same time attacking the author he cited. This now appears to be a harsh style of writing, reflecting Nietzsche’s consistent attitude of “non-historical and trans-historical” held by classical Chinese textual research. The impact of this attitude is evident in the historical narrative of Foucault’s Pedigree. Taking Nietzsche ’s writing as an example, this essay criticizes this “historical writing” which advocates his own subjective idea in the name of “rigorous and reliable” evidence of classical Chinese literature.