一、“入关”前后产业政策的基点 50—60年代日本的产业政策,大体可分为两个阶段。第一阶段是发展基干产业和努力回归国际经济社会的时期。其产业政策的重点是战后经济的复兴和自立。可以说这一阶段的经济发展带有浓厚的政府直接干预色彩。其特点主要反映在继1946年—1948年的倾斜生产方式之后,50年代前期的产业合理化政策等方面。产业合理化政策的目的是在确定固定汇率(1美元兑换360日元)的基础上,为了适应加入GATT后出现的激烈国际 I. Basic points of industrial policies before and after “entry” Japan’s industrial policies in the 1950s and 1960s can be roughly divided into two stages. The first phase is the period of developing basic industries and making efforts to return to the international economy and society. Its industrial policy focuses on the rejuvenation and independence of the post-war economy. It can be said that this stage of economic development with a strong direct government intervention color. Its characteristics are mainly reflected in the sloping mode of production from 1946 to 1948 and the industrial rationalization policies of the early 1950s. The purpose of the industrial rationalization policy is based on the establishment of a fixed exchange rate (US $ 1 for 360 yen)